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British Medical Journal- National cross sectional study of views on sexual violence and risk of HIV infection and AIDS among South African school pupils, 14 October 2004

BMJ 2004;329:952 (23 October), doi:10.1136/bmj.38226.617454.7C (published 14 October 2004)

Full text at: http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/329/7472/952

National cross sectional study of views on sexual violence and risk of HIV infection and AIDS among South African school pupils
Neil Andersson, scientific director1, Ari Ho-Foster, research associate2, Judith Matthis, intern2, Nobantu Marokoane, intern2, Vincent Mashiane, intern2, Sharmila Mhatre, research fellow2, Steve Mitchell, research associate2, Tamara Mokoena, field coordinator2, Lorenzo Monasta, research associate2, Ncumisa Ngxowa, field coordinator2, Manuel Pascual Salcedo, research associate2, Heidi Sonnekus, information officer2
1 Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Apdo Postal 182, Acapulco, Mexico, 2 CIETafrica, Postnet 123, Pvt Bag X2600, Houghton 2041, South Africa
Correspondence to: N Andersson neil@ciet.org
Objective: To investigate the views of school pupils on sexual violence and on the risk of HIV infection and AIDS and their experiences of sexual violence.
Design: National cross sectional study.
Setting: 5162 classes in 1418 South African schools.
Participants: 269 705 school pupils aged 10-19 years in grades 6-11.
Main outcome measure: Answers to questions about sexual violence and about the risk of HIV infection and AIDS.

Results: Misconceptions about sexual violence were common among both sexes, but more females held views that would put them at high risk of HIV infection. One third of the respondents thought they might be HIV positive. This was associated with misconceptions about sexual violence and about the risk of HIV infection and AIDS. Around 11% of males and 4% of females claimed to have forced someone else to have sex; 66% of these males and 71% of these females had themselves been forced to have sex. A history of forced sex was a powerful determinant of views on sexual violence and risk of HIV infection.

Conclusions: The views of South African youth on sexual violence and on the risk of HIV infection and AIDS were compatible with acceptance of sexual coercion and "adaptive" attitudes to survival in a violent society. Views differed little between the sexes.